Blood Group Test: Type, Home Kit, Sample Report & Price [2024]

• Price
• Purpose
• Preparation
• Procedure
• Risks
• Sample Report

A blood group test is a blood test to check the blood group (ABO & Rh typing ). You can visit a diagnostic centre or use a home test kit for testing. The blood group test price starts from Rs 50 and may range up to 250.

Technically, Blood grouping is a classification of the blood, it is based on the presence and absence of antibodies and inherited antigens on the surface of red blood cells. Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian scientist, discovered blood groups in 1901. Previously, doctors believed that all blood was the same for everyone, and as a result, many people died due to blood transfusions.

The blood group has ABO type and RH factor, i.e. positive or negative.

Experts today know that mixing blood from two people with different blood types can cause the blood to clump, which can be fatal. The person receiving the transfusion has antibodies that will fight the donor blood cells, resulting in a toxic reaction.

Test Details in Brief

Also Known As	ABO Typing, ABORH, Blood Grouping
Purpose	To determine blood group type, Rh factor (Positive/ Negative)
Preparation	No preparation is needed
Fasting	No
Method Used	Solid Phase Red Cell Adherence Assay (SPRCA)
Reporting Time	10 and 20 minutes
Cost	Rs 50 to Rs 240

Blood Grouping Test Price in India

The charges of blood group tests in India depends upon the laboratory center, hospital, or city. Usually, the blood grouping and Rh factor test cost Rs 50 to Rs 240.

Prices in Major Cities

The table below shows the blood group test price in some major cities. You can click on the city name to check the labs providing the test with their cost and discount.

City Name	Cost Range
Delhi	Rs 100 to Rs 200
Gurgaon	Rs 80 to Rs 180
Hyderabad	Rs 50 to Rs 240
Chennai	Rs 120 to Rs 140
Mumbai	Rs 50 to Rs 190
Bangalore	Rs 50 to Rs 150
Pune	Rs 140 to Rs 180
Lucknow	Rs 80 to Rs 100

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Prices at Popular Diagnostic Centres

Check out the blood grouping and Rh factor prices at some of the popular diagnostic centres in India listed below:

City Name	MRP	Discounted Price
Dr Lal PathLabs	Rs 140	Rs 140
SRL Lab	Rs 150	Rs 120
City X-ray Clinic	Rs 150	Rs 105
Janta X-Ray Clinic	Rs 200	Rs 120
Aarthi Scans & Labs	Rs 150	Rs 135
Prima Diagnostics	Rs 150	Rs 105
Vijaya Diagnostics	Rs 130	Rs 130

Types of Blood Grouping

Antibodies and Antigens in Blood

Antibodies are proteins that are found in the blood. They’re a natural aspect of your body’s defence system. They detect foreign substances, such as pathogens, and notify your immune system, which then eliminates them. Protein molecules located on the surface of red blood cells are known as antigens.

ABO and Rh Blood Group System

Scientists use two types of antigens to classify blood types:

• ABO antigens
• Rh antigens

ABO blood groups are the most basic and best-known system for blood grouping. This system has four groups of blood:

• A
• B
• AB
• O

Rh (Rhesus) system is the second most crucial blood-group system. Some red blood cells have the Rh factor, also known as the antigen. The D antigen is the most significant Rh antigen. 

Red blood cells with RhD antigen are RhD positive (Rh+), and the absence of RhD antigen on red blood cells are RhD negative(Rh-).

There are eight main blood group types under the ABO and Rh blood group system.

• Blood group A+ve and A-ve
• Blood group B+ve and B-ve
• Blood group O+ve and O-ve
• Blood group AB+ve and AB-ve

Most Common Blood Type: The blood group O is the most common. Blood group O accounts for nearly half of the population, accounting for 39% approx.

Rarest Blood Group: As from the above table, AB Negative (AB-) is the rare blood group.

Principle of Blood Grouping

A blood grouping test is done based on the presence and absence of antigens A, B and D on red blood cells. The antigens are determined by testing the red blood cells with antisera such as Anti-A, Anti-B, Anti-A, B and Anti-D. Both the type of blood grouping test is based on the agglutination reaction.

Purpose, Preparation and Procedure of Blood Group test

Purpose of Blood Grouping

• Blood grouping aims to give or receive the correct blood during the blood transfusion. Blood grouping helps the healthcare providers minimise reactions while transfusing blood, preventing unfortunate situations.
• Blood grouping is required while donating body parts or registering as an organ donor.
• It is used to determine the Rh factor compatibility.
• The test is recommended before undergoing any surgical procedure.

Receiving blood from the wrong ABO group can be life-threatening. For example, if someone with group B blood is given group A blood, their anti-A antibodies will attack the group A cells. This is why a person with group A blood type must never give blood to someone who has group B blood and vice versa.

Blood Group test during Pregnancy

• A blood group test is always performed on pregnant women. If the mother is RhD negative, but the child receives RhD-positive blood from the father, it can lead to complications if left untreated.

• RhD-negative women of childbearing age should only be given RhD-negative blood.

Mother’s Rh factor	Father’s Rh factor	Baby’s Rh factor	Precautions
Rh+	Rh+	Rh+	None
Rh-	Rh-	Rh-	None
Rh+	Rh-	Could be Rh+ or Rh-	None
Rh-	Rh+	Could be Rh+ or Rh-	Rh immune globulin injections

Preparation for Blood Grouping

There is no special preparation required for blood typing. You might feel a little weak after the test and may need someone to take you home.

Procedure of Blood Grouping

• Blood is withdrawn from the veins after cleaning the area with an antiseptic solution.
• A band is wrapped around the arms so that veins are visible.
• A needle is pierced to draw a sample of blood from the arms or hands.
• The collected sample is sent to the lab to find the blood type.
• The lab technician mixes the sample of blood with three substances, each containing antibodies A, antibodies B or Rh factor.
• The test is completed in few minutes and report is generated at the same time or within a day.
  Your red blood cells are mixed with various antibody solutions to determine your blood group. If the solution contains anti-B antibodies and you have B antigens on your cells (you have blood group B), the solution will clump together.
• It is blood group O if the blood does not react to any of the anti-A or anti-B antibodies. A series of tests using various types of antibodies can be used to determine your blood group.
• If you receive a blood transfusion, your blood will be tested against a sample of donor cells containing ABO and RhD antigens. If no reaction occurs, donor blood with the same ABO and RhD type can be used.

How to do Blood Group Test at Home

It is easy to get a blood group test by using a blood group test kit.

A blood group test kit comes with a needle and a special card that contains chemicals. A blood group test involves a small prick on the finger to put a few drops of blood on the card and place drops of blood on a particular card.

After you’ve placed the blood on the card, you can look for areas where the blood clumps or spreads out and then match those reactions to an included guide.

As opposed to a card, some home testing kits include vials of fluid for your blood.

Risks of Blood Grouping

There is no risk associated with blood grouping. However, some people may suffer from a few problems such as –

• Feeling light-headed
• Infection on the site of needle puncture
• Bleeding

Who Can Donate Blood

Although most people can give blood, only one in every twenty-five people does so. You can donate blood if you meet the following criteria:

• are in good health and feeling well
• must weigh at least 50kg (7st 12lb)
• are between the ages of 17 and 66 (or 70 if you’ve previously donated blood)
• are over the age of 70 and have given blood in the last two years

Universal Donor Blood Group and Universal Recipient

There are no A, B, or RhD antigens in O negative blood. These red blood cells can be given to almost anyone with any blood type. A person with group O negative blood can donate to anyone and be a Universal donor.

A person with O-negative blood can donate blood to almost anyone.
A person with Rh-negative blood can donate Rh-positive or Rh-negative blood.
An Rh-positive person can only donate to another Rh-positive person.
As a result, there is a high demand for O negative blood, even though less than 10% of the population has this type.

The rules for plasma are opposed to those for Rh. A universal plasma donor is one having blood type AB.

Blood Type Compatibility Table

Blood Group	Gives	Receives
A+	A+, AB+	A+, A-, O+, O-
O+	O+, A+, B+, AB+	O+, O-
B+	B+, AB+	B+, B-, O+, O-
AB+	AB+	Everyone
A-	A+, A-, AB+, AB-	A-, O-
O-	Everyone	O-
B-	B+, B-, AB+, AB-	B-, O-
AB-	AB+, AB-	AB-, A-, B-, O-

Blood Group Test Sample Report [PDF]

Given below is a sample of the blood group test results:

You can also download the complete sample report in pdf format from here.

A blood group test is essential, and everyone should know their blood group. In case you do not know it, get tested today.